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HMMT 2018 U36

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In the game of Connect Four, there are seven vertical columns which have spaces for six tokens. These form a 7×67 \times 6 grid of spaces. Two players White and Black move alternately. A player takes a turn by picking a column which is not already full and dropping a token of their color into the lowest unoccupied space in that column. The game ends when there are four consecutive tokens of the same color in a line, either horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. The player who has four tokens in a row of their color wins. Assume two players play this game randomly. Each player, on their turn, picks a random column which is not full and drops a token of their color into that column. This happens until one player wins or all of the columns are filled. Let PP be the probability that all of the columns are filled without any player obtaining four tokens in a row of their color. Estimate PP. An estimate of E>0E>0 earns ⌊20min⁡(P/E,E/P)⌋\lfloor 20 \min (P / E, E / P)\rfloor points.

Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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0.0025632817

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