olymmath

HMMT 2008 S3

  • Team 2

By a tropical polynomial we mean a function of the form

p(x)=an⊙xn⊕an−1⊙xn−1⊕⋯⊕a1⊙x⊕a0p(x)=a_{n} \odot x^{n} \oplus a_{n-1} \odot x^{n-1} \oplus \cdots \oplus a_{1} \odot x \oplus a_{0}

where exponentiation is as defined in the previous problem. Let pp be a tropical polynomial. Prove that

p(x+y2)≥p(x)+p(y)2p\left(\frac{x+y}{2}\right) \geq \frac{p(x)+p(y)}{2}

for all x,y∈R∪{∞}x, y \in \mathbb{R} \cup\{\infty\}. (This means that all tropical polynomials are concave.)

Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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