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HMMT 2003 C10

  • Combinatorics
  • Answer

A calculator has a display, which shows a nonnegative integer NN, and a button, which replaces NN by a random integer chosen uniformly from the set {0,1,…,N−1}\{0,1, \ldots, N-1\}, provided that N>0N>0. Initially, the display holds the number N=2003N=2003. If the button is pressed repeatedly until N=0N=0, what is the probability that the numbers 1,10,1001,10,100, and 1000 will each show up on the display at some point?

Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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\frac{1}{2224222}

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