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GR-HMS 2018 Problem 1

    Let (xn),n∈N(x_n), n\in\mathbb{N} be a sequence such that xn+1=3xn3+xn,∀n∈Nx_{n+1}=3x_n^3+x_n, \forall n\in\mathbb{N} and x1=abx_1=\frac{a}{b} where a,ba,b are positive integers such that 3∤b3\not|b . If xmx_m is a square of a rational number for some positive integer mm , prove that x1x_1 is also a square of a rational number.

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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