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CZ-SK-MO 1991 Problem 3

    For any permutation pp of the set {1,2,...,n}\{1,2,...,n\} , let us denote d(p)=∣p(1)−1∣+∣p(2)−2∣+...+∣p(n)−n∣d(p) = |p(1)-1|+|p(2)-2|+...+|p(n)-n| . Let i(p)i(p) be the number of inversions of pp , i.e. the number of pairs 1≤i<j≤n1 \le i < j \le n with p(i)>p(j)p(i) > p(j) . Prove that d(p)≤2i(p)d(p)\le 2i(p) $.

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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