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CGMO 2021 Problem 8

    Let m,nm, n be positive integers, define: f(x)=(x−1)(x2−1)⋯(xm−1)f(x)=(x-1)(x^2-1)\cdots(x^m-1) , g(x)=(xn+1−1)(xn+2−1)⋯(xn+m−1)g(x)=(x^{n+1}-1)(x^{n+2}-1)\cdots(x^{n+m}-1) .

    Show that there exists a polynomial h(x)h(x) of degree mnmn such that f(x)h(x)=g(x)f(x)h(x)=g(x) , and its mn+1mn+1 coefficients are all positive integers.

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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