olymmath

CGMO 2010 Problem 4

    Let x1,x2,⋯ ,xnx_1,x_2,\cdots,x_n be real numbers with x12+x22+⋯+xn2=1x_1^2+x_2^2+\cdots+x_n^2=1 . Prove that ∑k=1n(1−k∑i=1nixi2)2⋅xk2k≤(n−1n+1)2∑k=1nxk2k\sum_{k=1}^{n}\left(1-\dfrac{k}{{ \sum_{i=1}^{n} ix_i^2}}\right)^2 \cdot \dfrac{x_k^2}{k} \leq \left(\dfrac{n-1}{n+1}\right)^2 \sum_{k=1}^{n} \dfrac{x_k^2}{k} Determine when does the equality hold?

    Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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