CAPS 2007

Find all polynomials $P$ with real coefficients satisfying $P(x^2)=P(x)\cdot P(x+2)$ for all real numbers $x.$

The Fibonacci sequence is defined by $a_1=a_2=1$ and $a_{k+2}=a_{k+1}+a_k$ for $k\in\mathbb N.$ Prove that for any natural number $m,$ there exists an index $k$ such that $a_k^4-a_k-2$ is divisible by $m.$

For any real number $p\geq1$ consider the set of all real numbers $x$ with $$p<x<\left(2+\sqrt{p+\frac{1}{4}}\right)^2.$$ Prove that from any such set one can select four mutually distinct natural numbers $a, b, c, d$ with $ab=cd.$

For which $n\in\{3900, 3901,\cdots, 3909\}$ can the set $\{1, 2, . . . , n\}$ be partitioned into (disjoint) triples in such a way that in each triple one of the numbers equals the sum of the other two?

Let $ABCD$ be a convex quadrilateral. A circle passing through the points $A$ and $D$ and a circle passing through the points $B$ and $C$ are externally tangent at a point $P$ inside the quadrilateral. Suppose that $\angle PAB+\angle PDC \leq 90^{\circ}$ and $\angle PBA+\angle PCD \leq 90^{\circ}.$ Prove that $AB+CD\geq BC+AD.$