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BALTIC-WAY 2025 Problem 10

    A positive integer with 9 digits is called nice if it contains each digit from 1 to 9. A number is called wonderful if it is nice and for each k=1,…,9k = 1, \ldots, 9, it holds that the kk-th digit in the number is equal to the position of kk in the number. For example, 847296315 is wonderful:

    • the first digit is 8, which is the position of 1 in the number,
    • the second digit is 4, which is the position of 2 in the number,
    • the third digit is 7, which is the position of 3 in the number, and so on.

    Show that the number of wonderful numbers is even.

    Official text Baltic Way 2025 official paper, page 2. Quoted with source.

    A model read this text from the scan of the paper by OCR, with vision/local (GLM-OCR-8bit). No person has checked it against the paper yet.

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