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BALKAN-SL 2021 C4

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A sequence of 2n+12 n+1 non-negative integers a1,a2,…,a2n+1a_{1}, a_{2}, \ldots, a_{2 n+1} is given. There's also a sequence of 2n+12 n+1 consecutive cells enumerated from 1 to 2n+12 n+1 from left to right, such that initially the number aia_{i} is written on the ii-th cell, for i=1,2,…2n+1i=1,2, \ldots 2 n+1. Starting from this initial position, we repeat the following sequence of steps, as long as it's possible:

Step 1: Add up the numbers written on all the cells, denote the sum as ss. Step 2: If ss is equal to 0 or if it is larger than the current number of cells, the process terminates. Otherwise, remove the ss-th cell, and shift all cells that are to the right of it one position to the left. Then go to Step 1.

Example: (1,0,1,2‾,0)→(1,0‾,1,0)→(1,1‾,0)→(1‾,0)→(0)(1,0,1, \underline{2}, 0) \rightarrow(1, \underline{0}, 1,0) \rightarrow(1, \underline{1}, 0) \rightarrow(\underline{1}, 0) \rightarrow(0). A sequence a1,a2,…,a2n+1a_{1}, a_{2}, \ldots, a_{2 n+1} of non-negative integers is called balanced, if at the end of this process there's exactly one cell left, and it's the cell that was initially enumerated by (n+1)(n+1), i.e. the cell that was initially in the middle.

Find the total number of balanced sequences as a function of nn.

Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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C_{n} \cdot C_{n}

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