olymmath

USAMO 1984

United States of America Mathematical Olympiad 1984.

Day 1

Problem 1

  • Day 1
  • Answer

Two roots of the real quartic x4−18x3+ax2+200x−1984=0x^{4}-18 x^{3}+a x^{2}+200 x-1984=0 have product -32 . Find a.

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Problem 2

  • Day 1

Can one find a set of nn distinct positive integers such that the geometric mean of any (non-empty, finite) subset is an integer? Can one find an infinite set with this property?

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Problem 3

  • Day 1
  • Answer

A,B,C,D,XA, B, C, D, X are five points in space, such that AB,BC,CD,DAA B, B C, C D, D A all subtend the acute angle θ\theta at XX. Find the maximum and minimum possible values of ∠AXC+∠BXD\angle \mathrm{AXC}+\angle \mathrm{BXD} (for all such configurations) in terms of θ\theta.

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Day 2

Problem 4

  • Day 2

A maths exam has two papers, each with at least one question and 28 questions in total. Each pupil attempted 7 questions. Each pair of questions was attempted by just two pupils. Show that one pupil attempted either nil or at least 4 questions in the first paper.

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Problem 5

  • Day 2
  • Answer

A polynomial of degree 3n3 n has the value 2 at 0,3,6,…,3n0,3,6, \ldots, 3 n, the value 1 at 1,4,7,…,3n−21,4,7, \ldots, 3 n-2 and the value 0 at 2,5,8,…,3n−12,5,8, \ldots, 3 n-1. Its value at 3n+13 n+1 is 730 . What is nn ?

Answer, solutions and source