olymmath

TSTST 2015 Problem 6

    A Nim-style game is defined as follows. Two positive integers kk and nn are specified, along with a finite set SS of kk-tuples of integers (not necessarily positive). At the start of the game, the kk-tuple ( n,0,0,…,0)(~ n, 0,0, \ldots, 0) is written on the blackboard. A legal move consists of erasing the tuple (a1,a2,…,ak)\left(a_{1}, a_{2}, \ldots, a_{k}\right) which is written on the blackboard and replacing it with (a1+b1,a2+b2,…,ak+bk)\left(a_{1}+b_{1}, a_{2}+b_{2}, \ldots, a_{k}+b_{k}\right), where (b1,b2,…,bk)\left(b_{1}, b_{2}, \ldots, b_{k}\right) is an element of the set SS. Two players take turns making legal moves, and the first to write a negative integer loses. In the event that neither player is ever forced to write a negative integer, the game is a draw. Prove that there is a choice of kk and SS with the following property: the first player has a winning strategy if nn is a power of 2 , and otherwise the second player has a winning strategy.

    Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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