olymmath

NMC 2004 Problem 3

    Let x11,x21,…,xn1,n>2x_{11}, x_{21}, \ldots, x_{n 1}, n>2, be a sequence of integers. We assume that all of the numbers xi1x_{i 1} are not equal. Assuming that the numbers x1k,x2k,…,xnkx_{1 k}, x_{2 k}, \ldots, x_{n k} have been defined, we set

    xi,k+1=12(xik+xi+1,k),i=1,2,…,n−1xn,k+1=12(xnk+x1k)\begin{aligned} x_{i, k+1} & =\frac{1}{2}\left(x_{i k}+x_{i+1, k}\right), i=1,2, \ldots, n-1 \\ x_{n, k+1} & =\frac{1}{2}\left(x_{n k}+x_{1 k}\right) \end{aligned}

    Show that for nn odd, xjkx_{j k} is not an integer for some j,kj, k. Does the same conclusion hold for nn even?

    Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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