olymmath

ISL 2023 A2

    Let R\mathbb{R} be the set of real numbers. Let f:R→Rf: \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R} be a function such that f(x+y)f(x−y)⩾f(x)2−f(y)2f(x+y) f(x-y) \geqslant f(x)^{2}-f(y)^{2} for every x,y∈Rx, y \in \mathbb{R}. Assume that the inequality is strict for some x0,y0∈Rx_{0}, y_{0} \in \mathbb{R}. Prove that f(x)⩾0f(x) \geqslant 0 for every x∈Rx \in \mathbb{R} or f(x)⩽0f(x) \leqslant 0 for every x∈Rx \in \mathbb{R}. (Malaysia)

    Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

    Official text: IMO 2023 Shortlist booklet, page 5.

    Solutions

    Official solution Solution 1 by the IMO Problem Selection Committee

    The terms of the source let olymmath link to this solution but not copy it. Read the solution (IMO official site).

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