olymmath

ISL 2020 C8

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Players AA and BB play a game on a blackboard that initially contains 2020 copies of the number 1. In every round, player AA erases two numbers xx and yy from the blackboard, and then player BB writes one of the numbers x+yx+y and ∣x−y∣|x-y| on the blackboard. The game terminates as soon as, at the end of some round, one of the following holds: (1) one of the numbers on the blackboard is larger than the sum of all other numbers; (2) there are only zeros on the blackboard. Player BB must then give as many cookies to player AA as there are numbers on the blackboard. Player AA wants to get as many cookies as possible, whereas player BB wants to give as few as possible. Determine the number of cookies that AA receives if both players play optimally.

Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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