olymmath

ISL 2019 N5

  • Answer

Let aa be a positive integer. We say that a positive integer bb is aa-good if (anb)−1\binom{a n}{b}-1 is divisible by an+1a n+1 for all positive integers nn with an⩾ba n \geqslant b. Suppose bb is a positive integer such that bb is aa-good, but b+2b+2 is not aa-good. Prove that b+1b+1 is prime. (Netherlands)

Official text Transcription from NuminaMath olympiads, checked word for word against the official paper. Quoted with source.

Official text: IMO 2019 Shortlist booklet, page 11.

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b+1 \text{ is prime}

Solutions

Official solution Solution 1 by the IMO Problem Selection Committee

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