olymmath

ISL 2017 C8

  • Answer

Let nn be a given positive integer. In the Cartesian plane, each lattice point with nonnegative coordinates initially contains a butterfly, and there are no other butterflies. The neighborhood of a lattice point cc consists of all lattice points within the axis-aligned (2n+1)×(2n+1)(2 n+1) \times(2 n+1) square centered at cc, apart from cc itself. We call a butterfly lonely, crowded, or comfortable, depending on whether the number of butterflies in its neighborhood NN is respectively less than, greater than, or equal to half of the number of lattice points in NN. Every minute, all lonely butterflies fly away simultaneously. This process goes on for as long as there are any lonely butterflies. Assuming that the process eventually stops, determine the number of comfortable butterflies at the final state.

Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

Official text: IMO 2017 Shortlist booklet, page 9.

Show the answer

n^2 + 1

Solutions

Official solution Solution 1 by the IMO Problem Selection Committee

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