olymmath

ISL 2016 N1

    For any positive integer kk, denote the sum of digits of kk in its decimal representation by S(k)S(k). Find all polynomials P(x)P(x) with integer coefficients such that for any positive integer n⩾2016n \geqslant 2016, the integer P(n)P(n) is positive and S(P(n))=P(S(n))S(P(n))=P(S(n))

    Official text Transcription from NuminaMath olympiads, checked word for word against the official paper. Quoted with source.

    Official text: IMO 2016 Shortlist booklet, page 12.

    Solutions

    Official solution Solution 1 by the IMO Problem Selection Committee

    The terms of the source let olymmath link to this solution but not copy it. Read the solution (IMO official site).

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