olymmath

ISL 2015 C1

    In Lineland there are n⩾1n \geqslant 1 towns, arranged along a road running from left to right. Each town has a left bulldozer (put to the left of the town and facing left) and a right bulldozer (put to the right of the town and facing right). The sizes of the 2n2 n bulldozers are distinct. Every time when a right and a left bulldozer confront each other, the larger bulldozer pushes the smaller one off the road. On the other hand, the bulldozers are quite unprotected at their rears; so, if a bulldozer reaches the rear-end of another one, the first one pushes the second one off the road, regardless of their sizes. Let AA and BB be two towns, with BB being to the right of AA. We say that town AA can sweep town BB away if the right bulldozer of AA can move over to BB pushing off all bulldozers it meets. Similarly, BB can sweep AA away if the left bulldozer of BB can move to AA pushing off all bulldozers of all towns on its way. Prove that there is exactly one town which cannot be swept away by any other one. (Estonia)

    Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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