olymmath

ISL 2008 A3

    Let S⊆RS \subseteq \mathbb{R} be a set of real numbers. We say that a pair (f,g)(f, g) of functions from SS into SS is a Spanish Couple on SS, if they satisfy the following conditions: (i) Both functions are strictly increasing, i.e. f(x)<f(y)f(x)<f(y) and g(x)<g(y)g(x)<g(y) for all x,y∈Sx, y \in S with x<yx<y; (ii) The inequality f(g(g(x)))<g(f(x))f(g(g(x)))<g(f(x)) holds for all x∈Sx \in S. Decide whether there exists a Spanish Couple (a) on the set S=NS=\mathbb{N} of positive integers; (b) on the set S={a−1/b:a,b∈N}S=\{a-1 / b: a, b \in \mathbb{N}\}.

    Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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