olymmath

IMO 2000 Problem 3

  • Day 1

Let n≥2n \geq 2 be a positive integer and λ\lambda a positive real number. Initially there are nn fleas on a horizontal line, not all at the same point. We define a move as choosing two fleas at some points AA and BB , with AA to the left of BB , and letting the flea from AA jump over the flea from BB to the point CC so that BCAB=λ\frac {BC}{AB} = \lambda .

Determine all values of λ\lambda such that, for any point MM on the line and for any initial position of the nn fleas, there exists a sequence of moves that will take them all to the position right of MM .

Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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