olymmath

IMO 1991 Problem 3

  • Day 1

Suppose G G\, is a connected graph with k k\, edges. Prove that it is possible to label the edges 1,2,…,k 1,2,\ldots ,k\, in such a way that at each vertex which belongs to two or more edges, the greatest common divisor of the integers labeling those edges is equal to 1.Note: Graph-Definition. A graph consists of a set of points, called vertices, together with a set of edges joining certain pairs of distinct vertices. Each pair of vertices u,v u,v\, belongs to at most one edge. The graph GG is connected if for each pair of distinct vertices x,y x,y\, there is some sequence of vertices x=v0,v1,v2,⋯ ,vm=y x = v_{0},v_{1},v_{2},\cdots ,v_{m} = y\, such that each pair vi,vi+1  (0≤i<m) v_{i},v_{i + 1}\;(0\leq i < m)\, is joined by an edge of GG .

Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

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