olymmath

IMO 1990 Problem 5

  • Day 2

Given an initial integer n0>1n_0 > 1 , two players, A{\mathcal A} and B{\mathcal B} , choose integers n1n_1 , n2n_2 , n3n_3 , …\ldots alternately according to the following rules :

I.) Knowing n2kn_{2k} , A{\mathcal A} chooses any integer n2k+1n_{2k + 1} such that n2k≤n2k+1≤n2k2.n_{2k} \leq n_{2k + 1} \leq n_{2k}^2. II.) Knowing n2k+1n_{2k + 1} , B{\mathcal B} chooses any integer n2k+2n_{2k + 2} such that n2k+1n2k+2\frac {n_{2k + 1}}{n_{2k + 2}} is a prime raised to a positive integer power.

Player A{\mathcal A} wins the game by choosing the number 1990; player B{\mathcal B} wins by choosing the number 1. For which n0n_0 does :

a.) A{\mathcal A} have a winning strategy? b.) B{\mathcal B} have a winning strategy? c.) Neither player have a winning strategy?

Dataset text AI-MO AoPS. Quoted with source.

Official text: IMO 1990 official English paper, page 2.

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