olymmath

BxMO 2022 Problem 4

    A subset AA of the natural numbers N={0,1,2,…}\mathbb{N}=\{0,1,2, \ldots\} is called good if every integer n>0n>0 has at most one prime divisor pp such that n−p∈An-p \in A. (a) Show that the set S={0,1,4,9,…}S=\{0,1,4,9, \ldots\} of perfect squares is good. (b) Find an infinite good set disjoint from SS. (Two sets are disjoint if they have no common elements.)

    Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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