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BALTIC-WAY 2005 Problem 6

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Let KK and NN be positive integers with 1≤K≤N1 \leq K \leq N. A deck of NN different playing cards is shuffled by repeating the operation of reversing the order of the KK topmost cards and moving these to the bottom of the deck. Prove that the deck will be back in its initial order after a number of operations not greater than 4⋅N2/K24 \cdot N^{2} / K^{2}.

Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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4 \cdot \left(\frac{N}{K}\right)^{2}

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