olymmath

APMO 2017 Problem 3

  • Paper

Let A(n)A(n) denote the number of sequences a1≥a2≥…≥aka_{1} \geq a_{2} \geq \ldots \geq a_{k} of positive integers for which a1+⋯+ak=na_{1}+\cdots+a_{k}=n and each ai+1a_{i}+1 is a power of two (i=1,2,…,k)(i=1,2, \ldots, k). Let B(n)B(n) denote the number of sequences b1≥b2≥…≥bmb_{1} \geq b_{2} \geq \ldots \geq b_{m} of positive integers for which b1+⋯+bm=nb_{1}+\cdots+b_{m}=n and each inequality bj≥2bj+1b_{j} \geq 2 b_{j+1} holds (j=1,2,…,m−1)(j=1,2, \ldots, m-1).

Prove that A(n)=B(n)A(n)=B(n) for every positive integer nn.

Dataset text NuminaMath olympiads. Quoted with source.

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