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AIME 2004a Problem 15

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For all positive integers xx, let f(x)={1if x=1x10if x is divisible by 10x+1otherwisef(x)=\begin{cases}1 & \text{if }x = 1\\ \frac x{10} & \text{if }x\text{ is divisible by 10}\\ x+1 & \text{otherwise}\end{cases} and define a sequence as follows: x1=xx_1=x and xn+1=f(xn)x_{n+1}=f(x_n) for all positive integers nn. Let d(x)d(x) be the smallest nn such that xn=1x_n=1. (For example, d(100)=3d(100)=3 and d(87)=7d(87)=7.) Let mm be the number of positive integers xx such that d(x)=20d(x)=20. Find the sum of the distinct prime factors of mm.

Dataset text AIME 1983 to 2026. Quoted with source.

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